However, if a person relies on them for their self-esteem and confidence, then giving up can be extremely difficult. The pressure to keep using steroids may result in feelings of anger or depression if their access to steroids is denied, even temporarily.
It can take up to 4 months to restore natural testosterone levels after being on anabolic steroids for a long time. Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include:. Treatment options for drug dependence or addiction may include:. See your doctor for information and referral, or contact an alcohol and other drug service in your area.
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Skip to main content. Home Drugs. Anabolic steroids. Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. On this page. What are anabolic steroids? Who uses anabolic steroids? How anabolic steroids work How anabolic steroids affect the body Side effects of anabolic steroids Long-term effects of anabolic steroids Mixing anabolic steroids with other drugs Dependence on anabolic steroids Withdrawal from anabolic steroids Treatment for anabolic steroid addiction Anabolic steroid use and the law Where to get help.
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Medically reviewed by Alan Carter, Pharm. What are anabolic steroids? Types Medical uses Steroids in sport Side effects Health risks Withdrawal Anabolic steroids are used for some medical conditions, but people also use them illegally in some sports settings.
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Doses of anabolic steroids used will depend on the particular objectives of the steroid user. Athletes middle or high school, college, professional, and Olympic usually take steroids for a limited period of time to achieve a particular goal.
Others such as bodybuilders, law enforcement officers, fitness buffs, and body guards usually take steroids for extended periods of time. The length of time that steroids stay in the body varies from a couple of days to more than 12 months.
There is increasing concern regarding possible serious health problems that are associated with the abuse of steroids, including both short-term and long-term side effects. The short-term adverse physical effects of anabolic steroid abuse are fairly well known. Short-term side effects may include sexual and reproductive disorders, fluid retention, and severe acne.
The short-term side effects in men are reversible with discontinuation of steroid use. Masculinizing effects seen in women, such as deepening of the voice, body and facial hair growth, enlarged clitoris, and baldness are not reversible. The long-term adverse physical effects of anabolic steroid abuse in men and in women, other than masculinizing effects, have not been studied, and as such, are not known. However, it is speculated that possible long-term effects may include adverse cardiovascular effects such as heart damage and stroke.
Under this legislation, anabolic steroids are defined as any drug or hormonal substance chemically and pharmacologically related to testosterone other than estrogens, progestins, and corticosteroids that promotes muscle growth.
The possession or sale of anabolic steroids without a valid prescription is illegal. If this is the second felony drug offense, the maximum period of imprisonment and the maximum fine both double. While the above listed penalties are for federal offenses, individual states have also implemented fines and penalties for illegal use of anabolic steroids. Major League Baseball, National Basketball Association, National Football League NFL , and National Hockey League have banned the use of steroids by athletes, both because of their potential dangerous side effects and because they give the user an unfair advantage.
The IOC and professional sports leagues use urine testing to detect steroid use both in and out of competition. A variety of non-steroid drugs are commonly found within the illicit anabolic steroid market. These substances are primarily used for one or more of the following reasons: 1 to serve as an alternative to anabolic steroids; 2 to alleviate short-term adverse effects associated with anabolic steroid use; or 3 to mask anabolic steroid use.
Examples of drugs serving as alternatives to anabolic steroids include clenbuterol, human growth hormone, insulin, insulin-like growth factor, and gamma-hydroxybutyrate GHB. Examples of drugs used to treat the short-term adverse effects of anabolic steroid abuse are erythropoietin, human chorionic gonadotropin HCG , and tamoxifen. Also, diuretics and uricosuric agents may be used to mask steroid use.
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