Examples of statements that need citation - each refers to work done by others, statistics, or specific information that would not be known by the average reader:. Researchers have found that dispersants utilized to clean up oil spills can lead to lung damage when airborne particles of these dispersants combine with crude oil and are inhaled. Source: Wang, H. Lung epithelial cell death induced by oil-dispersant mixtures.
Toxicology in Vitro, 26, 5, A recent study done by scholars at the Brookings Institute found that the number of people living in poverty in America grew by Source: Kneebone, E. Nadeau and Berube, A.
The re-emergence of concentrated poverty: metropolitan trends in the s. If you are not sure, assume that an idea is not common knowledge and cite the source. It is much easier to remove a citation than it is to hunt down a citation and try to add it later. Finally, when in doubt, check with your professor. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge.
If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. Examples The state bird of South Carolina is the Carolina wren. Plato spent most of his life in Athens. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. Search this Guide Search. Academic Integrity Guide to having academic integrity and avoiding plagiarism. Home Purposeful vs. Deciding: Common Knowledge or Not? Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.
Generally, common knowledge is information that someone finds undocumented in at least five credible sources. If the citation proves unnecessary or unnecessarily repetitive your instructor or supervisor will inform you. We have resources to help you use these guidelines linked on the sidebar to the left, just underneath this page.
But many students are so worried about how to cite a particular source that they never learn how the citation system works. This is often why students end up accidentally plagiarizing. Different citation styles have different rules.
You should look at the rules for your own not just the examples that show you how to cite a book chapter. But generally, here is how citation works:.
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